rufen
to call, shout
- Past (Präteritum)
- rief
- Past participle
- gerufen (haben)
*rufen + Akk*: *einen Arzt / um Hilfe rufen*. *Wie gerufen kommen* (= come at just the right moment). Distinguish *rufen* (shout/call) vs *anrufen* (phone) vs *nennen* (name).
Conjugation
Present
- ruft
- present, singular, third-person
- rufe
- first-person, indicative, present, singular
- rufen
- first-person, indicative, plural, present
- rufst
- indicative, present, second-person, singular
Past
- rief
- past
- riefen
- first-person, indicative, plural, preterite
- riefst
- indicative, preterite, second-person, singular
- rieft
- indicative, plural, preterite, second-person
Subjunctive
- rufe
- first-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- rufen
- first-person, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- rufest
- second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- rufet
- plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- riefe
- first-person, formal, rare, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- riefen
- first-person, formal, plural, rare, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- riefest
- formal, rare, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- riefst
- formal, rare, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- riefet
- formal, plural, rare, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- rieft
- formal, plural, rare, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- habe gerufen
- first-person, multiword-construction, perfect, singular, subjunctive
- haben gerufen
- first-person, multiword-construction, perfect, plural, subjunctive
- habest gerufen
- multiword-construction, perfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive
- habet gerufen
- multiword-construction, perfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive
- hätte gerufen
- first-person, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive
- hätten gerufen
- first-person, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive
- hättest gerufen
- multiword-construction, pluperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive
- hättet gerufen
- multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive
- werde rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werden rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werdest rufen
- future, future-i, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werdet rufen
- future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- würde rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- würden rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- würdest rufen
- future, future-i, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- würdet rufen
- future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii
- werde gerufen haben
- first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werden gerufen haben
- first-person, future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werdest gerufen haben
- future, future-ii, multiword-construction, second-person, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
- werdet gerufen haben
- future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, second-person, subjunctive, subjunctive-i
Imperative
- ruf
- imperative, second-person, singular
- rufe
- imperative, second-person, singular
- ruft
- imperative, plural, second-person
Participle
- gerufen
- participle, past
- rufend
- participle, present
Infinitive
- rufen
- infinitive
Other
- habe gerufen
- first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, singular
- haben gerufen
- first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural
- hast gerufen
- indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, second-person, singular
- habt gerufen
- indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural, second-person
- hat gerufen
- indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, singular, third-person
- hatte gerufen
- first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular
- hatten gerufen
- first-person, indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural
- hattest gerufen
- indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, second-person, singular
- hattet gerufen
- indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, second-person
- rufen werden
- future, future-i, infinitive, multiword-construction
- werde rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular
- werden rufen
- first-person, future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural
- wirst rufen
- future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular
- werdet rufen
- future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person
- wird rufen
- future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular, third-person
- gerufen haben werden
- future, future-ii, infinitive, multiword-construction
- werde gerufen haben
- first-person, future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, singular
- werden gerufen haben
- first-person, future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural
- wirst gerufen haben
- future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular
- werdet gerufen haben
- future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person
- wird gerufen haben
- future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, singular, third-person
Prefixed forms (7)
- anrufen (separable)
to call (phone)
Ruf mich bitte morgen an. — Please call me tomorrow.
- aufrufen (separable)
to call upon / prompt
Er rief zur Ruhe auf. — He called for calm.
- ausrufen (separable)
to exclaim / proclaim
Sie rief vor Freude aus. — She exclaimed with joy.
- zurufen (separable)
to shout to
Er rief mir etwas zu. — He shouted something to me.
- hervorrufen (separable)
to evoke / cause
Das rief Protest hervor. — That provoked protest.
- berufen (inseparable)
to appeal to / cite
Er beruft sich auf das Gesetz. — He appeals to the law.
- verrufen (inseparable)
to be ill-reputed
Die Bar ist verrufen. — The bar is notorious.